Camel spider

Camel spiders in the UAE: what you should know

Camel spiders, or solifugids, are among the fastest-running arthropods in the UAE’s desert ecosystems. While their size and movement may make them appear intimidating, these nocturnal predators are primarily misunderstood and rarely pose any real danger to humans.

Unusual locomotion and behaviour

Although camel spiders have four pairs of legs, they typically use only three pairs for running. The front pair—known as pedipalps—is held aloft and functions similarly to insect antennae. These are covered in long, silky sensory hairs (setae) and are constantly in motion to help them locate and capture prey.

Despite their alarming speed and firm bite, camel spiders are not venomous. In the past, they were wrongly considered highly dangerous. Today, experts agree that the real risk comes not from venom but from shock or potential infection if a bite occurs.

What do camel spiders eat?

Camel spiders are nocturnal hunters, preying on other arthropods such as insects and scorpions. Certain species have been observed feeding on small vertebrates, including lizards. Some even speculate that larger individuals may target mice or birds.

They rely solely on speed and stealth, not venom, to overpower their prey. At night, they are often drawn to artificial lights in search of food—occasionally entering tents or buildings, which can cause alarm due to their sudden appearance.

Seasonal activity and hibernation

Camel spiders are typically active in the warmer months. Sightings in winter are rare, as they are believed to hibernate or remain hidden during the colder periods. Their activity peaks during the summer, especially in desert regions where conditions are ideal for hunting.

Camel spiders in the UAE: species and distribution

Although camel spiders are quite conspicuous, very little is known about their taxonomy in the UAE. It is believed that three main families of solifugids are found in the region:

• Galeodidae: Long-legged and sandy-coloured; commonly seen in desert areas. The largest species is likely Galeodes arabs, which is particularly hairy and robust, with a limb span of up to 150mm.
• Solpugidae: Also light-coloured and adapted to sandy environments.
• Rhagodidae: Black-coloured, shorter-legged, and better suited for digging; believed to inhabit areas around Al Ain and potentially mountain regions.